chemistry general knowledge questions and answers-3 FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS

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for Chemistry General Knowledge Questions and Answers (Part 1)

Chemistry General Knowledge Questions and Answers (Part 2)

Here are 30 multiple-choice chemistry general knowledge questions with four options each, along with the correct answer and a clear explanation at the end of each question. These questions are suitable for competitive exams.

1. What is the atomic number of Carbon?

a) 6
b) 12
c) 14
d) 8
Answer: a) 6
Explanation: The atomic number of Carbon is 6, which represents the number of protons in its nucleus.

2. Which gas is known as laughing gas?

a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen dioxide
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Carbon dioxide
Answer: c) Nitrous oxide
Explanation: Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is commonly known as laughing gas due to its euphoric effects when inhaled.

3. What is the chemical formula of water?

a) H₂O
b) CO₂
c) H₂O₂
d) O₂
Answer: a) H₂O
Explanation: The chemical formula of water is H₂O, indicating two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.

4. Which element is the most abundant in the Earth’s crust?

a) Oxygen
b) Silicon
c) Aluminum
d) Iron
Answer: a) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, making up about 46.6% of its mass.

5. What is the pH value of pure water?

a) 5
b) 7
c) 10
d) 14
Answer: b) 7
Explanation: Pure water is neutral and has a pH value of 7.

6. Which of the following is a noble gas?

a) Hydrogen
b) Helium
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen
Answer: b) Helium
Explanation: Helium is a noble gas, which is chemically inert and located in Group 18 of the periodic table.

7. What is the chemical symbol for gold?

a) Ag
b) Au
c) Gd
d) Fe
Answer: b) Au
Explanation: The chemical symbol for gold is Au, derived from its Latin name “Aurum.”

8. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect?

a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
Answer: c) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

9. What is the chemical formula of table salt?

a) NaCl
b) KCl
c) Na₂O
d) CaCl₂
Answer: a) NaCl
Explanation: Table salt is sodium chloride, with the chemical formula NaCl.

10. Which element is used in fluorescent lights?

a) Mercury
b) Sodium
c) Neon
d) Argon
Answer: a) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury vapor is used in fluorescent lights to produce ultraviolet light, which then excites the phosphor coating to emit visible light.

11. What is the chemical formula of methane?

a) CH₄
b) C₂H₆
c) CO₂
d) H₂O
Answer: a) CH₄
Explanation: Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon, with the chemical formula CH₄.

12. Which acid is present in vinegar?

a) Hydrochloric acid
b) Sulfuric acid
c) Acetic acid
d) Nitric acid
Answer: c) Acetic acid
Explanation: Vinegar contains acetic acid, which gives it its sour taste.

13. What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

a) P
b) K
c) Po
d) Pt
Answer: b) K
Explanation: The chemical symbol for potassium is K, derived from its Latin name “Kalium.”

14. Which gas is used in balloons to make them float?

a) Oxygen
b) Hydrogen
c) Helium
d) Nitrogen
Answer: c) Helium
Explanation: Helium is lighter than air and is used in balloons to make them float.

15. What is the chemical formula of glucose?

a) C₆H₁₂O₆
b) C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
c) C₂H₅OH
d) CH₄
Answer: a) C₆H₁₂O₆
Explanation: Glucose is a simple sugar with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆.

16. Which element is the primary component of diamonds?

a) Carbon
b) Silicon
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen
Answer: a) Carbon
Explanation: Diamonds are made of carbon atoms arranged in a crystal lattice structure.

17. What is the chemical formula of sulfuric acid?

a) H₂SO₄
b) HCl
c) HNO₃
d) H₃PO₄
Answer: a) H₂SO₄
Explanation: Sulfuric acid is a strong acid with the chemical formula H₂SO₄.

18. Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

a) Mercury
b) Sodium
c) Iron
d) Aluminum
Answer: a) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.

19. What is the chemical formula of ammonia?

a) NH₃
b) NO₂
c) N₂O
d) HNO₃
Answer: a) NH₃
Explanation: Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the chemical formula NH₃.

20. Which gas is used in photosynthesis?

a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Plants use carbon dioxide (CO₂) during photosynthesis to produce glucose and oxygen.

21. What is the chemical formula of ozone?

a) O₂
b) O₃
c) CO₂
d) H₂O
Answer: b) O₃
Explanation: Ozone is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms, with the chemical formula O₃.

22. Which element is used in batteries?

a) Lithium
b) Sodium
c) Potassium
d) Calcium
Answer: a) Lithium
Explanation: Lithium is commonly used in rechargeable batteries due to its high electrochemical potential.

23. What is the chemical formula of hydrogen peroxide?

a) H₂O
b) H₂O₂
c) HO
d) H₃O
Answer: b) H₂O₂
Explanation: Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H₂O₂.

24. Which gas is known as marsh gas?

a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Propane
d) Butane
Answer: a) Methane
Explanation: Methane (CH₄) is known as marsh gas because it is produced in marshy areas by the decomposition of organic matter.

25. What is the chemical symbol for silver?

a) Si
b) Ag
c) Au
d) Sr
Answer: b) Ag
Explanation: The chemical symbol for silver is Ag, derived from its Latin name “Argentum.”

26. Which acid is found in lemons?

a) Hydrochloric acid
b) Sulfuric acid
c) Citric acid
d) Acetic acid
Answer: c) Citric acid
Explanation: Lemons contain citric acid, which gives them their sour taste.

27. What is the chemical formula of common salt?

a) NaCl
b) KCl
c) Na₂O
d) CaCl₂
Answer: a) NaCl
Explanation: Common salt is sodium chloride, with the chemical formula NaCl.

28. Which gas is used in fire extinguishers?

a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is used in fire extinguishers because it displaces oxygen, helping to smother the fire.

29. What is the chemical formula of baking soda?

a) NaHCO₃
b) NaOH
c) NaCl
d) Na₂CO₃
Answer: a) NaHCO₃
Explanation: Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, with the chemical formula NaHCO₃.

30. Which element is the lightest?

a) Hydrogen
b) Helium
c) Lithium
d) Oxygen
Answer: a) Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen is the lightest element, with an atomic mass of approximately 1.

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These questions cover a wide range of chemistry topics and are designed to help you prepare for competitive exams. Good luck!